VITAL fracture analysisThe New England journal of medicine 2022
Supplemental Vitamin D and Incident Fractures in Midlife and Older Adults
Vitamin D3 did not significantly reduce total, non-vertebral or hip fractures compared with placebo.
Randomised trialPreventionRheumatology & metabolic bone
Atypical femoral fracture risk (Kaiser)The New England journal of medicine 2020
Atypical Femur Fracture Risk versus Fragility Fracture Prevention with Bisphosphonates.
Atypical femoral fracture risk rose with longer bisphosphonate use, was substantially higher in Asian women, and fell rapidly after stopping; in white women the hip and other fractures prevented far exceeded the atypical fractures caused.
Cohort studyPrognosisRheumatology & metabolic bone
SCOOPLancet (London, England) 2018
Screening in the community to reduce fractures in older women (SCOOP): a randomised controlled trial
Screening increased uptake of osteoporosis medication but did not significantly reduce the primary outcome of all osteoporosis-related fractures; hip fractures, a prespecified secondary outcome, were reduced.
Randomised trialPreventionRheumatology & metabolic bone
ARCHThe New England journal of medicine 2017
Romosozumab or Alendronate for Fracture Prevention in Women with Osteoporosis.
Romosozumab-then-alendronate significantly reduced new vertebral, clinical and hip fractures compared with alendronate alone.
Randomised trialManagementRheumatology & metabolic bone
FRAMEThe New England journal of medicine 2016
Romosozumab Treatment in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis.
Romosozumab significantly reduced new vertebral fractures at 12 months, with the benefit maintained after switching to denosumab; non-vertebral fracture reduction was not significant.
Randomised trialManagementRheumatology & metabolic bone
ASBMR task force AFF 2014Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 2014
Atypical subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femoral fractures: second report of a task force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Concluded that atypical femoral fractures behave as stress or insufficiency fractures and revised the case definition: transverse orientation was emphasised, minimal comminution was now allowed, localised periosteal stress reaction became a major feature, and drug and disease associations were removed from the criteria. The relative risk with bisphosphonates is high but the absolute risk is low, rising with long-term use and appearing to fall after the drug is stopped.
OtherDiagnosisRheumatology & metabolic bone
FREEDOMThe New England journal of medicine 2009
Denosumab for prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Denosumab significantly reduced new vertebral fractures (by about two thirds), with significant reductions in hip and non-vertebral fractures.
Randomised trialManagementRheumatology & metabolic bone
HORIZON-PFTThe New England journal of medicine 2007
Once-yearly zoledronic acid for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Zoledronic acid markedly and significantly reduced vertebral fractures (around 70%) and significantly reduced hip fractures (around 40%) versus placebo.
Randomised trialManagementRheumatology & metabolic bone
HORIZON-RFTThe New England journal of medicine 2007
Zoledronic acid and clinical fractures and mortality after hip fracture.
Zoledronic acid significantly reduced new clinical fractures (by about a third) and was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality.
Randomised trialManagementRheumatology & metabolic bone
FIT (alendronate)Lancet (London, England) 1996
Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures. Fracture Intervention Trial Research Group.
Alendronate roughly halved new radiographic vertebral fractures and also significantly reduced hip and wrist fractures compared with placebo.
Randomised trialManagementRheumatology & metabolic bone
Chapuy calcium and vitamin DThe New England journal of medicine 1992
Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in elderly women
Supplementation significantly reduced hip fractures and other non-vertebral fractures, with correction of secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Randomised trialPreventionRheumatology & metabolic bone